Improved workability

Plastic concrete: Fly ash particles are spherical and act as small ball bearings within the concrete mix, improving flow and reducing water demand. This property

Enhances the workability and pumpability of fresh concrete, making it easier to handle

and place.

Improved strength and durability

Hardened concrete: Fly ash reacts with calcium hydroxide produced during the hydration of Portland cement. This pozzolanic reaction forms more calcium silicate hydrate (C-S-H), the same binder produced by the hydration of cement, improving the

long-term strength and durability of concrete.

Reduced permeability: Fly ash reduces the permeability of concrete, resulting in

better resistance to water and chemical penetration. This makes concrete more resistant to aggressive environments, such as those containing sulfates or chlorides.

Improved Alkali-Silica Resistance (ASR): The pozzolanic reaction of fly ash also helps mitigate the harmful effects of alkali-silica reaction, which can cause cracking and significant expansion in concrete.

Cost Effectiveness
Reduced Cement Content: By partially replacing Portland cement with fly ash, the overall cost of concrete can be reduced.

Portland cement is one of the most expensive ingredients in concrete, so using fly ash can result in significant cost savings.

Energy and Resource Savings:
Fly ash requires less energy to produce than Portland cement, contributing to lower greenhouse gas emissions and conservation of natural resources